== 1. fresh: npx bb-app@latest (writes the cache entry) { "dependencies": { "bb-app": "^0.38.0" }, "_npx": { "packages": [ "bb-app@latest" ] } } "version": "0.38.0", == 2. simulate a cache created when latest was 0.35.1 (exactly the reporter's entry) { "dependencies": { "bb-app": "^0.35.1" }, "_npx": { "packages": [ "bb-app@latest" ] } } "version": "0.35.1", == 3. run npx bb-app@latest again against that entry npm http fetch GET 200 https://registry.npmjs.org/bb-app 100ms (cache revalidated) npm http cache https://registry.npmjs.org/bb-app 2ms (cache hit) { "dependencies": { "bb-app": "^0.38.0" }, "_npx": { "packages": [ "bb-app@latest" ] } } "version": "0.38.0", If step 3 shows 0.38.0 the 'hard pin' claim is refuted for this npm.